Chapter 5 Demography of the UK paediatric renal replacement therapy population in 2010.

AIMS To describe the demographics of the paediatric RRT population under the age of 16 years in the UK and to analyse changes in demography with time. METHODS Data were collected from all 13 paediatric renal centres within the UK. A series of cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were performed to describe the demographics of prevalent paediatric RRT patients. RESULTS A total of 870 children and young people under 18 with ERF were receiving treatment at paediatric nephrology centres in 2010. At the census date, 76.7% had a functioning transplant, 14.3% were receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) and 9.0% were receiving haemodialysis (HD). In patients aged <16 years the prevalence of ERF was 59.3 pmarp and the incidence 8.1 pmarp. Analysis of trends over the last 15 years shows that both incidence and prevalence are increasing with the most marked increases in children aged 12-16 years and in ethnic minority groups. A third of the patients have one or more reported comorbidities. At transfer to adult services, 84.9% of patients had a functioning renal transplant. CONCLUSIONS The data provided in this report show increasing trends over 15 years in the incidence and prevalence of established renal failure. This is important for the planning of the provision of care for children needing renal replacement therapy. The inclusion this year of an analysis of the patients transferring to adult services may assist in developing care pathways for this vulnerable group.